ABSTRACT
Background: Pandemic of COVID-19 is spreading in all continents. There have been lots of article published on different aspects of this infection. Finding low Albumin levels in the patients of COVID-19 disease regardless of their degree of severity of infection has surprised us from the beginning. Aim: To review the hypoalbuminemia and its extent in local population presented with COVID-19 and to determine the relationship of degree of hypoalbuminemia with the severity of infection. Place and duration of study: Bahria International Hospital Lahore and Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore from 1stMay 2021 to 30thSeptember 2021. Methodology: Medical records 400 COVID-19 patient's related symptoms such as cough, flu, fever, headache, tiredness, distress in breathing were included. Serum Albumin, AST and ALT as clinical bioindicators in COVID-19 patients were reviewed. Results: A significant decrease in serum albumin levels with the means and standard deviation (2.692±0.302), (χ2=344.69, df=16, p<0.001) was recorded. Whereas, a significant increase AST (U/L) and ALT (U/L) with the means and standard deviations (45.130±31.138), (χ2=214.30, df=72, p<0.001) was also noted. Analysis between survivors and non-survivors shows the level of albumin and AST/ALT was inversely proportional. Conclusion: Low albumin is associated with disease severity and poor outcomes in terms of prolonged admissions and worse respiratory failure due to alveolar endothelial damage in COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) outbreak represents a thankfully rare yet extremely salient incident that had an adverse effect on individuals, families, and societies throughout the world. COVID-19 has the highest infectivity and spreading rate as compared to other human coronaviruses. SARS-CoV-2 was recognized as the disease causative agent that initially targets humans' respiratory system that may lead to multi-organ failure and death. To date, COVID-19 spread to 220 countries/regions of the world, including Pakistan. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of COVID-19 among the general population in District Mardan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan. A total of 4199 suspected individuals (2898 were males, and 1301 were females) were screened through RT-PCR. The age of suspected individuals was ranging from 10-90 years, and the average age was found 42 +/- 20.8 years. Among all suspected individuals, 753 were SARS-CoV-2 positive and diagnosed with COVID-19. Among the positive individuals, 500 (66%) were males, and 253 (34%) were females. The overall prevalence was found at 17.93%. Most of the SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals were belonging to age -group 31 to 40 (n=182), followed by age-group 21 to 30 (n=166). The prevalence of COVID-19 in the Mardan district is very high and needs WHO recommended SOPs to control the spread of COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of Ivermectin in COVID 19 infection in terms of virus clearance and symptomatic improvement. Study design: Prospective Quasi experimental study Place and duration of study: Study was carried out in COVID treatment units of Services Institute of Medical Sciences and Bahria International Hospital COVID treatment centre from April 15, 2020 to November 30, 2020 Methodology: One hundred COVID19 confirmed patients for this study and divided into 2 groups. Both groups were given standard treatment including Oxygen, therapeutic anticoagulation and hydroxychloroquine therapies. Group-1 was given Ivermectin for 6 days and group 2 didn't receive Ivermectin. Results: The significance value represented as p value (p=.825) was greater than the table value at 0.05 in all aspects, which shows that Ivermectin has no effect in improving PF ratio in COVID19 patients. Out of 50 only 4 patients who received Ivermectin got COVID19 PCR negative after 6 days but on the other hand 3 patients who did not receive Ivermectin also got their PCR negative after 6 days of treatment. Conclusion: Ivermectin does not seem to be effective in improvement of PF ratio and virus clearance in COVID19 patients.